Full-Length Study-Mode Exam

Mary is mother of three children under the age of 10: Sarah, age 4; David, age 7; and Maricarmen, age 9. Mary’s husband is in the military is TDY for 18 months. After a long day at the law office where she works as a paralegal, Mary is extremely tired and believes she is coming down with a cold. So that she can get some additional sleep, Mary decides to put the children to bed earlier than usual. She tells the children, “I’m sure you feel tired, so why don’t we all go to bed?” Which of the following statements most accurately describes what Mary has spoken?

A male worker who changes careers several times then temporarily stabilizes in a career can best be described as following a career pattern of

Kohlberg describes moral development as occurring in fixed, consecutive stages. At which stage is an individual who volunteers to help a charity because others in the same peer group heavily support volunteerism?

“If a miracle occurred tonight and you woke up in the morning without a need for controlling your spouse, how would you know that the problem had been resolved? What would be different?” This is an example of a

At any given point in the session a therapist using a structural perspective might align himself/herself with one member of the family. Which of the following terms most accurately describes this alignment?

According to Piaget’s cognitive stages of development during which of the following stages would a child recognize that the matter can change shape but remain the same quantity?

The Piagetian term for adult actions based on independent intentions in moral development is

Which of the following answers correctly gives Gilligan’s level at which children are preoccupied with their own needs?

Homeostasis refers to

Which of the following terms does this brief illustration describe: Bill, 14 years old, is dependent on his father and protects or defends him to his mother both during and after his parents divorce.

Chemical substances that carry neural impulses from one neuron to another and affect brain activity are called

The main concern of Maslow has been to study

Which of the following terms is used by family therapists to characterize family systems with diffuse and unclear boundaries between members?

In Maslow’s hierarchy, the highest ranking need is

A split-brain person (according to Split-Brain Theory) is one who

The term that describes when adolescents think everyone is as preoccupied with them as they are with themselves is

Which of the following theorists postulated that a person’s successful vocational development was dependent on completing the tasks of one stage before moving on to the next?

According to Piaget, children end up thinking about moral issues in two dissimilar ways. Which of the following is one of those two thinking styles?

Title 1 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) affects employers of

The man who developed SIGI is

A child the age of 24 months is left with the babysitter and cries loudly when the parents leave. This is probably best described as

In Freudian theory, a child generally loses interest in sexual gratification during which stage of psychosexual development?

Which of the following answers correctly defines the type of boundary typified by family members acting autonomously with no interdependence on other family members?

According to Kohlberg, at which of the following stages does a person center their interactions with others around their own self-centeredness?

Which of the following is a career inventory based on Jung’s topologies?

Mary Ainsworth developed a study called the Strange Situation in which infants were observed as they were put through a calculated series of introductions, separations, and reunions with their primary caregiver and an adult stranger. Which of the following answers correctly describes the type of attachment when the baby avoids direct contact with the caregiver?

Which of the following is probably true of a man in a “midlife crisis?”

Which of the following is a technique used for reinforcing desirable behaviors by pairing them with incompatible behaviors and using principles of relaxation?

Which of the following is the first leading cause of adult deaths?

Which of the following is true of classical conditioning?

The person most noted for his Human Resource Development model is

The classification system published by the Department of Labor that provides an index of job titles, employment projections, and occupational descriptions is the

A young infant begins to show some of the same behavior patterns as the primary caregiver which developed through close association during a critical period. This imprinting process was discovered by

Social Cognitive Theory (SCCT) subscribes to Bandura’s triadic reciprocal causality model, which contains three variables. Which of the following choices most closely describes those three variables?

Bordin reformulated psychoanalytic theory to

If you take a colored sticker away from a child for each misspelled word during a writing assignment and the child starts making fewer spelling errors, you would be

Which of the following answers would most closely approximate the period of time referred to as middle and late childhood?

If PKU goes undetected at birth,

All of the following answers, except one, list appropriate abbreviations for computer software programs used in career counseling. Which answer indicated below is the exception?

The computer-based instrument designed by Katz for the purpose of values clarification in career development is known as

Which of the following answers is the correct term for a technique of gathering information about multiple family members from at least three past generations?

According to Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development, a five year old child must be able to ask questions without ridicule or embarrassment. At which stage of development is the child?

Which communication level is conveyed through body language and symbolism?

Which of the following did Satir use with couples to allow them to view their disowned parts and have the opportunity to integrate them as well as to allow perspective to possible conflicts with their spouse?

What is the invisible covert set of functional demands or codes that organize the way family members interact?

This person had the greatest impact on career guidance in the early 1900s.

Adria and Brian are happily married and considering starting a family soon. Each gives and receives according to well developed functional rules. The rules of their marital dyad are best described in family system terms as

Carl has been ordered to therapy by the court. To deal with his initial resistance, the therapist can best respond by

As Sue researched the general patterns exhibited in minority clients, he found that counselors who lack sensitivity to the needs of minority clients tend to

Rogers asserted that facilitators should not become involved in the group as if wearing a professional front. Instead, the facilitator should become involved in the group as a person, thereby exhibiting the facilitator attribute known as

Multicultural competencies may be defined as

All of the following are important issues in counseling ethnic minorities EXCEPT:

Which skill is a group leader employing when he or she uses similar but different words to clarify what a member has said and means?

Of the following statements which one best typifies empathy?

Vocational theories suggest that one’s occupational choices result in certain conditions being attained. Which of the following has not been associated with burnout?

Jill was seeing an older female client concerning issues of loss. During the course of therapy, Jill became aware of her need for the client’s approval. What term describes this projection by the therapist?

Atkinson, Morten, and Sue focused their research on minority clients. In doing so, they identified three major barriers to cross-cultural counseling. Which of the following answers correctly lists the three barriers?

Kottler designates the most common negative consequence experienced by counselors and sometimes caused by tedious work tasks, isolation, overload, and non-reciprocated giving to be

Counselors who follow the beliefs of Ellis see passivity on the part of the counselor

A key barrier to effective counseling of minorities, that often results in faulty diagnosis is

Corey points out several advantages to group counseling which include all of the following EXCEPT:

The type of group described when members have dissimilar problems is

John enjoys contact sports like boxing, football, and rugby, but John was taught as a child that physical violence was wrong. He is using the defense mechanism called

Andrew’s hyperactive behaviors are most likely to be confused with

Which of the following group therapies would MOST likely use techniques such as reversal of polarities, hot seat, exaggeration, and making rounds?

A key component of a reality group is

Government welfare has had a splitting effect upon Tann’s family, already at risk for disease, homicide, and suicide from alcohol abuse. Tann is indecisive as to her future. She is most likely a member of which minorities group?

The underlying assumption of humanistic-existential therapies is that

Which country has the highest incidence of teen pregnancies?

A child reaches for a hot stove and is burned slightly. The child now associates the stove with the pain of being burned, so the child avoids the stove to avoid the burn. As time goes on and the child is able to keep from being burned, behavior to avoid the stove increases. In this scenario, the action of touching a hot stove and being burned is an example of

Which of the following types of assessment instruments would identify, for the administering counselor, the group leaders, isolates, and cliques within the group?

Giving Antabuse to an alcoholic is an example of

The last step to consultation from a behavioral perspective is

Your client is a lady who is afraid of flying. “So where would you go if you weren’t afraid of flying?” “I’d go visit my sister in Wyoming!” Flying to Wyoming becomes the major goal. Using Operant Conditioning, you work out a list of goals with her and a schedule of reinforcements for each achieved goal. Each time she meets a goal she gets to buy something for her travel wardrobe or a piece of new luggage. Likewise, you work out a list of agreed to punishments. She completes Step #1 of her treatment plan of buying an airplane magazine. Next week you ask, “How’d it go? Did buying the magazine create any anxiety?” “No.” “Did you look through it?” “Yes.” “Any anxiety?” “No.” “OK – For next week, create a collage of airplanes and place yourself somewhere in that collage.” Having accomplished step #1, she gets to go buy her first piece of new luggage. When she comes in with the completed collage she gets to go buy her 2nd piece of luggage. However, since she couldn’t bring herself to walk through an airport terminal (Step #8), the agreed to punishment takes place: She has to return all of the luggage. Which of the following answers most accurately describes the entire process of going from Step 1 to the final step of seeing her to the plane for Wyoming with all her new luggage filled with new clothes?

Listening with the Third Ear was written by

Included in group building and maintenance are roles by group members which support group cohesion. All of the following are considered such roles EXCEPT:

The _________ model of consultation is usually in the form of workshops.

The most often applied theoretical framework for consultation is

The theory that focuses on the subjective nature of the individual as being good and having innate potential for self actualization is best described by

Which of the following is generally linked to relapse and continued deterioration after treatment for alcohol abuse?

The law of effect, a creation by E.L Thorndike, states that a response will strengthen or weaken depending on the consequences that follow the response. The law of effect is sometimes referred to as the

The principle of reciprocal inhibition could be correctly summarized by the statement

Hull defines an association that develops between a stimulus and response as a

Of the following theoretical perspectives, which one best describes the context of Horney’s needs theory?

Factors important to effective punishment include all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following factors about suicide is NOT true?

Gestalt therapy emphasizes

The theorist associated with classical conditioning dog salivation is

Which of the following answers most correctly includes techniques vital to the psychoanalytic model of therapy?

Humanistic theory can be seen in which of the following approaches to helping a client reach full human potential?

Crisis intervention begins with

Harry sees himself as outgoing and likeable but in his sales job finds himself freezing at the notion of cold calling. Increasingly, Harry has begun to take sick leave and to find excuses for being late to work. Harry begins counseling with a counselor who provides a safe place for Harry to develop greater self-awareness and to integrate aspects of himself that he has distorted or denied. The counselor’s approach can be called __________.

Humanistic psychology is growth-oriented and developed as an offspring to existential theory. While they both emphasize freedom, capability, and responsibility of the individual to make conscious choices in search for life meaning, they are also different. As the existentialist focuses on anxiety and relationships in the experiential world, a humanist focuses on

Which of the following would be true of a therapist treating Belinda’s depression with a cognitive-behavioral approach?

Michael describes his counseling approach as Person-centered. Which of the following approaches is most representative of Person-centered work?”

Eric Berne developed the cognitive-behavioral therapy known as

Which stages listed below reflect some of the stages in consecutive order of Sue’s minority identity model for psychosocial development?

As a small boy, Max remembers going to church with his parents and playing with his brothers. His father died when Max was three, leaving his mother with no pension and three boys to care for. Times were very tough. Max’s mother often yelled at the boys, beat them, and cursed her life as an impoverished widow. Max was bright and energetic but he soon learned that his opportunities were lesser than those of many of his friends. Max began to think of himself as a have not and grew up under-functioning in most areas of his life while mistrusting others and believing that his circumstances were the result of others just not recognizing his potential or caring enough to help him out. From a TA perspective, Max’s life position is

Dollard and Miller combined concepts from psychoanalysis, behavioral, and social-cultural theory to arrive at their eclectic perspective. As a part of their theory, they identified conflict underlying neurosis as being all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following would be an accurate statement regarding behavioral contracting?

Beck’s Hopelessness Scale correlates

Which of the following words denotes the emotion that results when a feeling of fear is not understood by the person experiencing it?

Select the one statement NOT reflective of major concepts advanced by neo-Freudian, Erich Fromm.

How are dreams dealt with in the Gestalt approach?

Encounter groups have been analyzed and their effectiveness assessed by many practitioners. Which of the following statements is generally held to be false by such researchers?

Group therapy that focuses on understanding, being, forming relationships, and that considers sharing more valuable than techniques is

Which stage is characterized by a high level of cohesion, open communication, shared leadership functions, willingness to risk threatening material, and non-defensive giving and considering of feedback?

David and Georgia have two children. They have made arrangement to adopt a child from overseas and have traveled to that country to sign the necessary papers and bring the child back home to the United States. At that point there family will be termed a/an

The statistical expression of random error between an observed score and the true score is called

Which of the following is NOT true of the Strong Interest Inventory?

Margo has a borderline personality disorder. She therefore

What is known about a particular testing situation if the standard deviation equals zero?

Greg uses a form of item analysis that reveals the proportion of test takers who got the item correct and is called

Compared with the MMPI, the MMPI-2

Children who are over the age of 4 and recurrently pass feces in improper places at least once a month for more than 3 months, may have symptoms of

Joan complains to her counselor of having frequent but random feelings of doom or fear that seem to last for about 10 minutes and are accompanied by palpitations, loss of breath, sweating, and numbness. She is very worried about when the next attack will occur. The disorder that best describes her symptoms at this point is

Which of the following tests requires at least an eighth-grade reading level?

All of the following are examples of estimating test reliability EXCEPT:

Which of the following appear to be the major causal factors in conduct disorders?

All of the following apply to Passive Aggressive Personality Disorder EXCEPT:

Whether a test is dependable and consistent as it yields the same measurement of the same variable under the same conditions time after time refers to its

In gathering information for diagnostic purposes, a counselor decides after several sessions to administer a personality inventory to a client, who the counselor feels demonstrates behaviors typical of antisocial behavior. The counselor will most likely choose to administer the

Which of the following books would most likely be used by a counselor called to court to defend his/her use of a particular assessment device?

Which of the following would be used as an assessment of personality?

Which of the following tests has the broadest chronological age and IQ range?

What is meant when a correlation of –.28 is indicated?

The MMPI-2 has as one of its strengths the fact that

Steven has been receiving counseling services, and he and his counselor can both see effective outcomes as a result of counseling treatment intervention. However, the counselor feels that for greater effectiveness, Steven might want to share with his wife some personal revelations that have come out in counseling. His legal right to choose what personal information will be shared or withheld and under what circumstances, is referred to by the term

Which type of statistics provides a means for researchers to make inferences from the data gathered with representative samples to the larger population?

According to Schulman, individual supervision should focus on __________ while group supervision should focus on ___________.

Dr. Rathers is gathering data for a research project to determine consumer preferences for sport utility vehicles, and he has subjects rate the SUVs from 1-5 with 5 being extremely satisfied and 1 being extremely dissatisfied. He is using

The law that denies third parties the right to access educational records without parental permission is called

The expectations of the researcher can sometimes affect the outcomes of experimental procedures. This refers to

Your outpatient therapy group has been meeting for five weeks. One of the members approaches you about problems his child is having in school. You inform the parent that he may request to see his child’s educational records according to the provisions of

A client of yours is seeking employment and has asked you to provide career counseling. You continue seeing this client for about two months and during this time the client submits employment applications with several potential employers. He does this with your full knowledge and agreement. Upon receiving an application, a potential employer calls desiring that you evaluate your client for his opening and then give the employer your opinion as to your client’s suitability for employment. Which of the following answers most closely represents the time-frame when you would be at liberty to provide the requested information?

When raw scores are converted for comparison to other scores they are called

Which of the following answers correctly describes the mistake made by researchers known as a Type I error?

A vertical line, indicating the true limit of each score, is drawn with the x-axis representing scores and y-axis representing frequency. The resulting graph consists of touching rectangles and is commonly called a

Which of the following is the best definition of systematic random sampling?

Which of the following persons wrote Choosing a Vocation (1909) which led to the first vocational guidance conference?

Researcher A is did a study on mirroring methods by NLP counselors. She had problems in her sampling methodology, set her alpha level at .01, and is in the process of concluding her study. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

A colleague of yours had called to enlist you to provide marital counseling to him and his wife. Since you are both professional counselors, your immediate concern is to provide that service in an ethical manner. One complicating factor to consider is

The appropriate legal term if a counselor is found to be intentionally negligent is

Which of the following statements best describes a crisis?

A crisis may be thought of as a response condition to a disruption in functioning. Which of the following is NOT one of those conditions?

Arnold took a reading test and scored 1250. The test has a mean of 1000 and a SD of 100 on a normal distribution. Which of the answers below most closely describes the stanine in which Arnold’s score falls?

Stuart’s behavioral marital therapy makes use of a precounseling inventory that includes all of the following EXCEPT:

All of the following are differences between family therapy and individual counseling EXCEPT:

Rebecca, a 45-year-old woman, has a history of trauma and presents with symptoms of dissociation. What should be a key aspect of her treatment plan?

Counselors form groups for different purposes. One example would be the group formed to yield some specified outcome or “product.” Another group might have a primary goal of focusing on the “process” of interaction within the group. All of the following types of groups would be considered to NOT be more product than process oriented EXCEPT for the ________________ group.

E.G. Williamson’s directive counseling includes the six consecutive steps of:

According to Williamson’s counseling format, the counselor’s conclusion about problem causes and characteristics is called

Which of the following terms could be defined as the ongoing appraisal of the group process including the individual and group dynamics?

Michael, a 30-year-old man, is diagnosed with schizophrenia and experiences disorganized thinking and hallucinations. What should be a primary focus in his treatment plan?

David, a 28-year-old man, is experiencing severe social anxiety, making it challenging for him to maintain employment. What should be a priority in his treatment plan?

One important aspect to consider when planning therapeutic intervention is

Michael, a 30-year-old man, has obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with debilitating rituals. What is a primary focus in his treatment plan?

A significant difference between group therapy and group counseling would be distinguished in

Rachel, a 50-year-old woman, has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and constant worry. What should be a primary goal in her treatment plan?

Laura, a 28-year-old woman, presents with symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD), including intense interpersonal conflicts. What is a primary focus in her treatment plan?

Brain tumor cases are known to exhibit personality changes that are

Which of the following places would you look if you wanted to find precise guidelines for writing a professional paper that you wish to publish?

Long-term memory

Kitchener defines beneficence as

Increasing employee involvement in work decisions has become a goal in many industries in the United States. These industries have therefore instituted

Richard Lazarus developed what scale for stress assessment?

As a child, your parents taught you a great deal. At the same time, you changed their lives. Choose the basic characteristic of the contemporary lifespan view with which this statement is most closely allied?

Which of the following theorists emphasized the importance of self-esteem, maturation, and communication?

When Liza seeks help because she is considering suicide, the therapist implements crisis intervention for the purpose of

A theorist who declared that, in a healthy person, the locus of evaluation is internal, was

Current research indicates that, generally speaking, victims of abuse lack

Which of the following has a high likelihood of being involved in the treatment of sexual dysfunctions?

Rodney may be in the first stages of Major Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Alzheimer’s Disease. Typically, one of the first mental capacities that is lost in the course of Alzheimer’s is

One of Bob’s clients has just admitted molesting his 6-year-old daughter. This abuse of his daughter has apparently spanned the last three years. Bob wants the treatment of this client to continue successfully so Bob realizes that he must be aware of both his verbal and nonverbal communications with his client. This awareness of both verbal and nonverbal communications is important because

The factor termed immediacy designates

A local university has asked you to include some of your clients in a study of depression in homosexuals/lesbians. Who retains responsibility for ethical research practice conducted with volunteers?

Mary is mother of three children under the age of 10: Sarah, age 4; David, age 7; and Maricarmen, age 9. Mary’s husband is in the military is TDY for 18 months. After a long day at the law office where she works as a paralegal, Mary is extremely tired and believes she is coming down with a cold. So that she can get some additional sleep, Mary decides to put the children to bed earlier than usual. She tells the children, “I’m sure you feel tired and you want to go to bed now, don’t you?” Which of the following statements most accurately describes what Mary has spoken?

Compare depressed individuals and manic individuals with the general population. Which of the following is true?

All of the following are examples of non-testing methods of assessment EXCEPT:

All of the following methods are recommended as ways of dealing with a group member’s hostile feelings EXCEPT:

Spitz and Wolf are associated with which group therapy model?

According to Thorne’s counseling theories, a counselor should use which of the following criteria in determining counseling techniques?

Which of the following is true regarding Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis?

What type of test is the NCE (the National Counselor Exam)?

Family therapy is an outgrowth of the general systems theory developed by

Widespread prejudice and ethnic bigotry in society can be attributed to

Empathy, genuineness, and respect are measured on the scales developed by

Social loafing declines when

The ratio of variance or random error between an observed score and the true score is statistically expressed by the

An infant at the age of 16 months thrills the parents upon saying “dada” for the first time. This small unit of speech with meaning is a

Which of the following models of therapy allows its users to suggest a paradoxical intervention?

Which of the following approaches would be described as a type of self-instructional training focused on altering self-statements as a preventative measure?

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria that determines the transition of a vocational activity into a professional identity?

What component is present in the third stage of a psychodrama?